Table 1 Key Points of Global Health Anti-Corruption Framework
From: Combating healthcare corruption and fraud with improved global health governance
GOVERANANCE SYSTEM | DESCRIPTION | BENEFITS | INSTITUTIONAL RESPONSIBILITY |
|---|---|---|---|
Establishing International Consensus on “Global Health Corruption” | Suggested definition: “misappropriation of authority, resources, trust or power for private or institutional gain that has adverse effects on regional, local, or international health systems and/or that negatively impacts individual patient and/or population health outcomes.” | Establishes an internationally recognized definition and draws needed attention to the unique risks of health-related corruption | International community and input from all relevant stakeholders (e.g. public health agencies, law enforcement, regulators, judicial system, civil society, global health systems, donors) |
WHO-UNODC Global Health Corruption Protocol Under UNCAC | Development of an international binding treaty protocol on global health corruption and establishing the necessary global health governance framework | Implements definition under an existing international treaty and establishes infrastructure for global corruption framework | Member states of WHO and UNODC |
Global Health Anti-Corruption Governance Framework | Model Acts System: Development of Model Acts system of core anti-corruption definitions and requirements for individual states to implement with certain flexibilities | Development of a model system for states to follow in developing their own domestic systems and aids in harmonization | Signatories to Protocol in consultation with domestic stakeholders |
Domestic and Regional Corruption Tools: Assessment of inclusion of existing domestic anti-corruption tools that have had success | Examines existing enforcement tools that have curbed domestic level health corruption | Governance structure of protocol (e.g. conference of state parties, other developed governing body) | |
Useful International Tools and Systems: Assessment and active inclusion of existing methods, tools and good practices addressing corruption developed by international organizations | Assesses existing tools developed by international organizations aimed at addressing global health system corruption | Governance structure of protocol (e.g. conference of state parties, other developed governing body) | |
Governance System: Development and implementation of dynamic global health governance structure to address global health corruption flexible enough to deal with diverse forms of corruption in different settings | Governance system flexible enough to be tailored to domestic and global health system needs. Should be comprehensive including components of protocol implementation, financing, incorporation of health system strengthening, and establishment/recommendation of various anti-corruption interventions. | All stakeholders |