Table 1 Demographic/socio-economic and life-style characteristics of women as victims of IPV during the past 12 months
From: Intimate partner violence against women in Maputo city, Mozambique
Variables | Psychological aggression (n = 1433) | Physical assault (n = 1432) | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Yes | No | Yes | No | |||||
n | % | n | % | n | % | n | % | |
Age (years) (n) | NS | NS | ||||||
Mean ± SD | 28.7 ± 8.1 | 28.8 ± 8.7 | 28.7 ± 7.9 | 29.5 ± 8.8 | ||||
Marital status (n) | (1405) | χ2(3) = 51.7, p < 0.0001 | (1404) | χ2(3) = 22.6, p < 0.0001 | ||||
Single | 489 | 53.5 | 251 | 51.2 | 388 | 51.1 | 352 | 54.6 |
Married/cohabitant | 302 | 33 | 103 | 21 | 253 | 33.4 | 151 | 23.4 |
Divorced/separated | 88 | 9.6 | 90 | 18.4 | 86 | 11.3 | 92 | 14.3 |
Widow | 36 | 3.9 | 46 | 9.4 | 32 | 4.2 | 50 | 7.7 |
Children at home (n) | (1348) | NS | (1347) | NS | ||||
Yes | 649 | 73.1 | 352 | 76.5 | 554 | 75 | 446 | 73.4 |
Housing (n) | (1408) | NS | (1407) | NS | ||||
Conventionala | 787 | 85.5 | 411 | 84.4 | 650 | 84.8 | 547 | 85.3 |
Non-conventionalb | 134 | 14.5 | 76 | 15.6 | 116 | 15.2 | 94 | 14.7 |
Education (n) | (1423) | χ2(3) = 17.2, p = 0.0006 | (1422) | NS | ||||
Noc | 45 | 4.8 | 46 | 9.4 | 43 | 5.5 | 48 | 7.4 |
Lowd | 236 | 25.4 | 148 | 30.1 | 206 | 26.6 | 178 | 27.5 |
Intere | 519 | 55.7 | 241 | 49 | 427 | 55.2 | 333 | 51.4 |
High f | 131 | 14.1 | 57 | 11.5 | 98 | 12.7 | 89 | 13.7 |
Occupational status (n) | (1381) | NS | (1380) | NS | ||||
Blue-collar worker | 504 | 55.8 | 294 | 61.5 | 440 | 58.8 | 358 | 56.7 |
Low white-collar worker | 47 | 5.2 | 18 | 3.8 | 35 | 4.7 | 30 | 4.7 |
Middle/high white-collar worker | 103 | 11.4 | 50 | 10.5 | 86 | 11.5 | 67 | 10.6 |
Student/other | 249 | 27.6 | 116 | 24.2 | 187 | 25 | 177 | 28 |
Socio-economic status (n) | (1417) | NS | (1416) | NS | ||||
Work for othersg | 320 | 34.4 | 145 | 29.8 | 277 | 35.8 | 188 | 29.3 |
Liberal/own businessh | 149 | 16 | 99 | 20.3 | 124 | 16 | 124 | 19.3 |
Student | 251 | 27 | 115 | 23.6 | 190 | 24.6 | 175 | 27.3 |
Domestic/otheri | 210 | 22.6 | 128 | 26.3 | 183 | 23.6 | 155 | 24.1 |
Salary/financial resources (n) | (1386) | NS | (1386) | NS | ||||
Yes | 424 | 46.4 | 213 | 45.1 | 362 | 47.5 | 275 | 44.1 |
Financial strain (n) | (1405) | NS | (1404) | NS | ||||
Yes | 774 | 83.9 | 420 | 87.1 | 651 | 84.8 | 542 | 85.2 |
BMI (n) | (1316) | NS | (1315) | NS | ||||
Mean ± SD | 25 ± 4.6 | 24.5 ± 4.8 | 25.1 ± 4.6 | 24.5 ± 4.8 | ||||
Alcohol use (n) | (1412) | χ2(1) = 8, p = 0.0046 | (1411) | χ2(1) = 9.4, p = 0.0021 | ||||
Yes | 364 | 39.5 | 156 | 31.8 | 310 | 40.5 | 210 | 32.6 |
Cigarette use (n) | (1399) | NS | (1398) | NS | ||||
Yes | 65 | 7.1 | 33 | 6.8 | 60 | 7.9 | 38 | 5.9 |
Age (years) (n) | NS | NS | ||||||
Mean ± SD | 28.6 ± 7.9 | 29.6 ± 8.7 | 29.6 ± 7.7 | 28.8 ± 8.7 | ||||
Marital status (n) | (1405) | χ2(3) = 30.1, p < 0.0001 | (1404) | χ2(3) = 32.8, p < 0.0001 | ||||
Single | 390 | 54.6 | 350 | 50.7 | 209 | 43.5 | 531 | 57.5 |
Married/cohabitant | 230 | 32.2 | 175 | 25.3 | 174 | 36.3 | 230 | 24.9 |
Divorced/separated | 68 | 9.5 | 110 | 15.9 | 75 | 15.6 | 103 | 11.1 |
Widow | 26 | 3.7 | 56 | 8.1 | 22 | 4.6 | 60 | 6.5 |
Children at home (n) | (1348) | NS | (1347) | χ2(1) = 42.1, p < 0.0001 | ||||
Yes | 513 | 74.2 | 488 | 74.3 | 397 | 84.8 | 603 | 68.6 |
Housing (n) | (1408) | NS | (1407) | χ2(1) = 6.6, p = 0.0103 | ||||
Conventionala | 615 | 85.5 | 583 | 84.6 | 398 | 81.8 | 799 | 86.8 |
Non-conventionalb | 104 | 14.5 | 106 | 15.4 | 89 | 18.2 | 121 | 13.2 |
Education (n) | (1423) | NS | (1422) | NS | ||||
Noc | 37 | 5.1 | 54 | 7.7 | 34 | 7 | 57 | 6.1 |
Lowd | 185 | 25.5 | 199 | 28.6 | 145 | 29.6 | 239 | 25.7 |
Intere | 399 | 54.9 | 361 | 51.8 | 252 | 51.4 | 508 | 54.5 |
Highf | 105 | 114.5 | 83 | 11.9 | 59 | 12 | 128 | 13.7 |
Occupational status (n) | (1381) | NS | (1380) | χ2(3) = 36.9, p < 0.0001 | ||||
Blue-collar worker | 403 | 57.4 | 395 | 58.2 | 300 | 64.1 | 498 | 54.6 |
Low white-collar worker | 35 | 5 | 30 | 4.4 | 23 | 4.9 | 42 | 4.6 |
Middle/high white-collar worker | 82 | 11.7 | 71 | 10.4 | 67 | 14.3 | 86 | 9.4 |
Student/other | 182 | 25.9 | 183 | 27 | 78 | 16.7 | 286 | 31.4 |
Socio-economic status (n) | (1417) | NS | (1416) | χ2(3) = 39.4, p < 0.0001 | ||||
Work for othersg | 264 | 36.4 | 201 | 29 | 197 | 40.2 | 268 | 29 |
Liberal/own businessh | 118 | 16.3 | 130 | 18.8 | 87 | 17.8 | 161 | 17.4 |
Student | 184 | 25.3 | 182 | 26.3 | 80 | 16.3 | 285 | 30.8 |
Domestic/others i | 159 | 22 | 179 | 25.9 | 126 | 25.7 | 212 | 22.8 |
Salary/financial resources (n) | (1386) | NS | (1386) | χ2(1) = 16.1, p = 0.0001 | ||||
Yes | 344 | 48.4 | 293 | 43.4 | 256 | 53.3 | 381 | 42.1 |
Financial strain (n) | (1405) | NS | (1404) | χ2(1) = 6.3, p = .012 | ||||
Yes | 605 | 84.1 | 589 | 85.7 | 429 | 88.3 | 764 | 83.2 |
BMI (n) | (1316) | NS | (1315) | (F(1,1313) = 10.7, p = 0.0011 | ||||
Mean ± SD | 24.9 ± 4.5 | 24.7 ± 4.9 | 25.4 ± 4.7 | 24.5 ± 4.7 | ||||
Alcohol use (n) | (1412) | χ2(1) = 15.1, p < 0.0001 | (1411) | χ2(1) = 9, p = 0.0026 | ||||
Yes | 300 | 41.7 | 220 | 31.7 | 205 | 42.2 | 315 | 34.1 |
Cigarette use (n) | (1399) | χ2(1) = 6.6, p = 0.011 | (1398) | χ2(1) = 23.8, p < 0.0001 | ||||
Yes | 62 | 8.7 | 36 | 5.2 | 56 | 11.6 | 42 | 4.6 |