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Table 3 Top ICU diagnoses by age group

From: Disease patterns and clinical outcomes of patients admitted in intensive care units of tertiary referral hospitals of Tanzania

Top 10 diagnoses for adults and all ages (including age unknown)

CCS category

As % of all patients N = 5627

As % of adult patients (≥18 years) N = 4277

Length of ICU stay in days median (Q1,Q3) (All ages)

In-ICU mortality (All ages)

Intracranial injury

703 (12.5%)

665 (15.5%)

5 (3,12)

280 (39.8%)

Post-operative observation*

597 (10.6%)

461 (10.8%)

1 (1,2)

73 (12.2%)

Injury and poisoning

400 (7.1%)

321 (7.5%)

4 (2,9)

189 (47.3%)

Other intestinal obstruction

360 (6.4%)

248 (5.8%)

3 (2,7)

141 (39.2%)

Acute but ill-defined cerebrovascular accident

360 (6.4%)

360 (8.4%)

6 (4,11)

247 (68.6%)

Complications of pregnancy; childbirth; and the puerperium

315 (5.6%)

253 (5.9%)

5 (2,9)

109 (34.6%)

Diabetes with ketoacidosis or uncontrolled diabetes

298 (5.3%)

259 (6.1%)

5 (2,7)

113 (37.9%)

Peritonitis and intestinal abscess

264 (4.7%)

221 (5.2%)

4 (2,9)

137 (51.9%)

Hypertension with complications and secondary hypertension

191 (3.4%)

191 (4.5%)

4 (2,7)

95 (49.7%)

Pneumonia (except that caused by TB)

174 (3.1%)

101 (2.4%)

3 (2,5)

130 (74.7%)

Top 5 diagnosis in very young children (<5 years)

CCS category

As % of age group N = 681

Length of ICU stay in days median (Q1,Q3)

In-ICU mortality

Pneumonia (except that caused by TB)

86 (12.6%)

3 (1,10)

70 (81.4%)

Infectious and parasitic diseases**

69 (10.1%)

3 (1,9)

48 (69.6%)

Meningitis (except that caused by TB or STD)

65 (9.5%)

5 (3,11)

47 (72.3%)

Septicaemia (except in labor)

49 (7.2%)

4 (2,12)

39 (79.6%)

Post-operative observation*

41 (6.0%)

2 (1,4)

7 (17.1)

  1. *Not a CCS category but was used for patients admitted to the ICU for Immediate post-surgical observation (after both elective and non-elective procedures).
  2. **This category was used exclusively for Malaria cases, for which there is no disease-specific CCS category.