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Table 5 Indicators of children’s rights being upheld in care environments in Uasin Gishu County, Kenya

From: Models of care for orphaned and separated children and upholding children’s rights: cross-sectional evidence from western Kenya

Characteristics Institutional care Family-based care N = 300 Community-based care N = 7
Children’s charitable institutions
N = 19
Total n (%) CCI pure n = 11 n (%) CCI plus n = 6 n (%) CCI shelter n = 2 n (%) n (%) n (%)
ARTICLE 27: RIGHT TO ADEQUATE STANDARD OF LIVING
Type of shelter       
Temporary/semi-permanent 1 (5) 0 (0) 0 (0) 1 (50) 286 (96) 3 (43)
Permanent 18 (95) 11 (100) 6 (100) 1 (50) 11 (4) 4 (57)
Missing      3  
Does the shelter have electricity       
Yes 17 (89) 9 (82) 6 (100) 2 (100) 28 (9) 6 (86)
No 2 (11) 2 (18) 0 0 268 (91) 1 (14)
Missing      4  
Drinking water source       
Water piped into home 9 (47) 7 (64) 1 (17) 1 (50) 21 (7) 5 (71)
Borehole/well 8 (42) 4 (36) 3 (50) 1 (50) 220 (73) 3 (43)
Public standpipe 2 (11) 0 (0) 2 (33) 0 (0) 50 (17) 0 (0)
River, stream, pond, lake, ditch, 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 36 (12) 0 (0)
Basic Material Needs ‡ (combined UNICEF)       
Yes 18 (95) 11 (100) 6 (100) 1 (50) 50 (17) -
No 1 (5) 0 (0) 0 (0) 1 (50) 242 (83) -
Missing      8  
Each child has own bed/mattress       
Always 12 (63) 7 (64) 3 (50) 2 (100) 3 (1) -
Sometimes 2 (11) 1 (9) 1 (17) 0 19 (6) -
No 5 (26) 3 (27) 2 (33) 0 276 (93) -
Missing      2  
Number of blankets each child has       
Not all children have at least 1 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 226 (77) -
1 7 (37) 4 (36) 1 (17) 2 (100) 50 (17) -
>1 12 (63) 7 (64) 5 (83) 0 (0) 19 (6) -
Missing      5  
Bed nets on each bed/mattress       
Yes 10 (53) 7 (64) 3 (50) 0 100 (34) -
No 9 (47) 4 (36) 3 (50) 2 (100) 194 (66) -
Missing      6  
Each child has private cabinet/box/drawer       
Yes 11 (58) 8 (73) 2 (33) 1 (50) 17 (6) -
No 8 (42) 3 (27) 4 (67) 1 (50) 281 (94) -
Missing      2  
Each child has at least one pair of shoes       
Yes 18 (95) 11 (100) 6 (100) 1 (50) 249 (84) -
No 1 (5) 0 (0) 0 (0) 1 (50) 49 (16) -
Missing      2  
Each child has at least 2 pairs of clothing       
Yes 19 (100) 11 (92) 6 (100) 2 (100) 259 (86) -
No 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 41 (14) -
Number of uniforms each school-going child has       
Not all children have complete uniform 0 0 0 0 76 (26) -
1 7 (39) 5 (45) 2 (33) 1 (50) 211 (71) -
>1 11 (61) 6 (55) 4 (67) 1 (50) 10 (3) -
Missing 1     3  
ARTICLE 17: RIGHT TO INFORMATION
Books Available 14 (74) 9 (82) 4 (67) 1 (50) 41 (14) 6 (86)
HIV Education 14 (74) 7 (64) 5 (83) 2 (100) 278 (93) 4 (57)
Knowledge of family history 13 (81) 7 (64) 4 (80) 2 (100) 190 (67) 3 (60)
Missing 3 2 1   17 2
ARTICLE 24: RIGHT TO HEALTH
Medical insurance 1 (5) 1 (8) 0 (0) 0 (0) 16 (5) -
Missing      7  
ARTICLE 31: RIGHT TO LEISURE
Toys available 11 (58) 6 (55) 5 (83) 0 (0) 4 (>1) 3 (43)
Games available 15 (79) 8 (73) 5 (83) 2 (100) 3 (1) 5 (71)
Scheduled leisure time 14 (74) 8 (73) 5 (83) 1 (50) 26 (9) 6 (86)
Space or facilities for sports 14 (74) 7 (64) 5 (83) 2 (100) 237 (79) 5 (71)
ARTICLE 32: RIGHT TO PROTECTION FROM EXPLOITATION
Household tasks children assist with       
Cooking 12 (63) 6 (55) 5 (83) 1 (50) 252 (84) 4 (57)
Child care 10 (53) 4 (36) 5 (83) 1 (50) 105 (35) 2 (29)
Water collection 3 (16) 2 (18) 1 (17) 0 (0) 274 (91) 2 (29)
Firewood collection 1 (5) 1 (9) 0 (0) 0 (0) 202 (67) 1 (14)
Food gathering 1 (5) 0 (0) 1 (17) 0 (0) 50 (17) 2 (29)
Income generating activities 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 17 (6) 1 (14)
Animal care 8 (42) 2 (18) 4 (67) 2 (100) 77 (26) 2 (29)
Washing clothes/dishes/cleaning 12 (63) 7 (64) 4 (67) 1 (50) 26 (9) 0 (0)
Other 1 (5) 1 (9) 0 (0) 0 (0) 1 (<1) 0 (0)
None 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 6 (2) 0 (0)
  1. ‡Unicef definition basic material needs met (defined as having one blanket, one pair of shoes, and two sets of non-school clothes.
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