Indigenous well-being in four countries: An application of the UNDP'S Human Development Index to Indigenous Peoples in Australia, Canada, New Zealand, and the United States

Table 1 HDI index calculation

		Measure	Min	Max	Index Formula
Education Index	Adult Literacy (1/3)	Proportion 15 and older with grade 9 or higher education	0	1.0	$I_{L i t e r a c y} = \frac{X_{a c t u a l} - X_{\min}}{X_{\max} - X_{\min}}$
	Education (2/3)	Proportion 18–24 with High school or some post-secondary education	0	1.0	$I_{E d u c a t i o n} = \frac{X_{a c t u a l} - X_{\min}}{X_{\max} - X_{\min}}$
Income Index		Median total income for those 15 and older	PPP$100	PPP$40,000	$I_{I n c o m e} = \frac{log (X) - log (X_{m i n})}{log (X_{m a x}) - log (X_{m i n})}$
Life Expectancy Index		Life expectancy at birth	85 years	25 years	$I_{L E B} = \frac{X_{a c t u a l} - X_{\min}}{X_{\max} - X_{\min}}$
HDI					$I_{H D I} = \frac{[I_{L E B} + (\frac{1}{3} I_{L i t e r a c y} + \frac{2}{3} I_{E d u c a t i o n}) + I_{I n c o m e}]}{3}$

ISSN: 1472-698X