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Table 2 Educational attainment proxy measures

From: Indigenous well-being in four countries: An application of the UNDP'S Human Development Index to Indigenous Peoples in Australia, Canada, New Zealand, and the United States

Country

Adult Literacy Proxy

Gross enrolment proxy

Australia

1991, 1996: Proportion 15 and older that left school aged 15 years or older.

2001: Proportion 15 or older with highest educational qualification year 9 or higher.

1991, 1996: Proportion of those 18–24 still in school or left school aged 18 or older.

2001: Proportion of those 18–24 still in school, or with highest educational qualification Year 12 or equivalent.

Canada

Proportion 15 and older with grade nine or higher educational attainment.

Proportion of those 18–24 with secondary school certificate, some college, trades or technical, or university.

New Zealand

Proportion aged 15 and older with no school qualification.

Proportion aged 18–24 with sixth form or higher qualification.

United States

Proportion aged 15 and older with 9th grade or higher educational attainment.

Proportion aged 18–24 with High school graduation, GED or higher educational attainment.