| Benin | Burkina Faso | Ethiopia | Ghana | Kenya | Lesotho | Liberia | Madagascar | Malawi | Mozambique | Namibia | Nigeria | Rwanda | Swaziland | Tanzania | Uganda | Zimbabwe |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Variable | OR | OR | OR | OR | OR | OR | OR | OR | OR | OR | OR | OR | OR | OR | OR | OR | OR |
Sex | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
Women (vs men) | 4.40 | 3.71 | 4.03 | 1.73 | ns | 0.71 | 4.37 | 5.36 | 1.99 | 1.38 | ns | 1.49 | 2.13 | ns | 2.01 | 1.76 | 1.35 |
Age †|  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
15–24 | ns | ns | 1.28 | 1.77 | 1.67 | 1.45 | 1.49 | 1.41 | 1.44 | 1.26 | 1.25 | 1.44 | 1.38 | 2.56 | 1.56 | 1.34 | 2.21 |
25–34 | ns | ns | ns | 1.48 | ns | ns | 1.17 | ns | ns | 1.13 | ns | ns | ns | 1.24 | 1.19 | ns | 1.44 |
Education †|  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
No education | 2.12 | 2.19 | 2.20 | 2.09 | 2.46 | 1.61 | ns | ns | 1.33 | 1.84 | ns | 1.36 | 1.91 | 1.42 | 2.04 | ns | 2.06 |
Primary | 1.44 | 1.99 | 1.97 | 1.69 | 2.23 | 1.61 | ns | ns | 1.44 | 1.67 | 1.21 | ns | 1.85 | 1.54 | 2.45 | 1.31 | 1.38 |
Occupation †|  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Not working | 0.86 | 1.20 | ns | ns | ns | ns | 0.79 | 0.78 | 0.80 | 1.19 | ns | ns | 1.20 | ns | 0.86 | ns | 0.85 |
Marital †|  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Currently married | 1.44 | ns | ns | ns | 1.46 | ns | ns | 1.35 | 0.69 | ns | 0.69 | ns | 0.81 | ns | ns | ns | 0.75 |
Formerly married | 1.60 | 1.42 | 1.57 | ns | 1.52 | ns | 1.40 | ns | 0.56 | ns | ns | ns | 0.78 | ns | 0.78 | ns | ns |
Wealth †|  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Poorest | 2.65 | ns | ns | 3.24 | 1.87 | 1.77 | 1.24 | 1.47 | 1.47 | 1.22 | 5.85 | 2.08 | ns | 1.69 | 1.70 | 1.42 | 2.88 |
Poor | 2.14 | ns | 1.26 | 2.06 | 1.78 | 1.59 | 1.25 | ns | 1.54 | 1.38 | 3.94 | 1.83 | ns | 1.61 | 1.63 | 1.73 | 2.72 |
Middle | 2.21 | ns | ns | 1.93 | 1.66 | 1.31 | ns | ns | 1.40 | 1.44 | 3.08 | 1.56 | 1.17 | 1.36 | 1.48 | 1.45 | 2.25 |
Richer | 1.79 | 1.23 | 1.28 | 1.64 | 1.73 | ns | ns | 1.22 | 1.38 | 1.43 | 1.71 | 1.47 | 1.18 | 1.28 | 1.24 | 1.44 | 1.61 |
Type of residence | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
Rural (versus urban) | 1.18 | ns | 2.06 | ns | ns | 1.22 | 1.15 | 0.73 | 1.21 | 1.15 | ns | ns | 1.15 | 1.38 | ns | 1.49 | 1.24 |
Decision making indices | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
Respondent alone (0–5) | 0.92 | 0.95 | 1.22 | ns | 1.12 | ns | 1.38 | ns | 1.11 | 0.95 | 1.12 | ns | 1.10 | ns | 1.08 | 1.08 | 1.13 |
Husband/Partner alone (0–5) | 1.06 | ns | 1.21 | ns | 1.11 | 1.09 | 1.36 | 1.14 | 1.13 | 1.12 | 1.20 | 1.21 | 1.11 | 1.10 | ns | 1.23 | 1.15 |
Husband-wife (0–5) | 0.92 | 0.88 | ns | 0.91 | 0.88 | 0.81 | 1.18 | 0.90 | 0.92 | na | na | 0.93 | ns | ns | 0.91 | ns | 1.08 |
Media access | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
Read newspaper | 0.84 | 0.77 | 0.79 | 0.81 | 0.80 | 0.82 | 0.85 | ns | 1.20 | ns | 0.81 | 0.75 | 0.88 | ns | ns | ns | 0.74 |
Listen to radio | ns | ns | ns | ns | ns | ns | ns | 0.83 | ns | ns | ns | ns | 0.80 | ns | ns | ns | 1.23 |
Watch television | ns | ns | 0.85 | 0.85 | ns | ns | ns | 0.81 | ns | 1.22 | 1.26 | ns | ns | ns | 1.18 | ns | ns |