Skip to main content

Table 2 Characteristics of qualitative studies in adults and mixed populations

From: Barriers to the effective treatment and prevention of malaria in Africa: A systematic review of qualitative studies

Name

Year

Country

Setting

Population

Primary methods (n)

Disease terminology

Adult focus

Agyepong

1992

Ghana

Rural

Men and women over 20 years old

6 focus groups

Asra, asraku

Stevens

1995

Tanzania

Urban, peri-urban

Adults, community leaders

8 focus groups (94),

72 focused discussions (175)

malaria

Rashed

1999

Benin

Rural

Parents, community elders, non-western healers, health care providers

23 focus groups (252), 8 semi-structured interviews

Ouevozon

Nyamongo

2002

Kenya

Rural

Adults aged 18 to 80

Interviews (35)

-

Mixed focus

Helitzer-Allen

1993

Malawi

Rural

Mothers, pregnant women, husbands, health workers, community leaders

160 in-depth interviews†

24 focus groups††

Malungo

Agyepong

1994

Ghana

Rural and urban

Caregivers of children under 5 years

Interviews (471)

Asra, asraku

Kengeya-Kayondo

1994

Uganda

Rural

Women, mothers, female caregivers

5 focus groups (42), 395 semi-structured interviews, 64

key informant interviews

-

Winch

1996

Tanzania

Rural

Group meetings with local government officials, religious leaders, teachers, and health workers,

40 unstructured interviews and focus groups, pile sorting with 8 respondents

Homa, homa kali, homa ya kuchemka, homa ya malaria, degedege

Muela

1998

Tanzania

Semi-rural

Adult malaria patients, caretakers of children under 5, mothers, villagers, traditional healers

6 focus groups, 103 interviews

Malaria, homa, homa ya malaria, degedege

Munguti

1998

Kenya

Rural

Heads of households reporting a case of malaria within the previous 2 weeks

Structured interviews (463)

-

Mixed focus (cont'd)

Oberlander

2000

Tanzania

Rural village

-

Participant observation, informal group discussion, ethnographic interviews

Degedege, mchango, kibwengo, malaria

Brieger

2001

Nigeria

Urban

Adults, child caregivers

36 focus groups, 154 interviews

Iba, malaria, fever, malaria fever

Nuwaha

2002

Uganda

Rural, partly-urban

Men, women, heads of households

4 focus groups

omushwija, omussuja

Okrah

2002

Burkina Faso

Rural, partly-urban

Caregivers of children under 5, adult community members

10 focus groups, 9 key informant interviews

Soumaya

Adongo

2005

Ghana

Rural

Women, men, couples, mothers, healers, bednet vendors

8 focus groups, 98 interviews

Pua, feber, nienga, zumzuri

Eriksen

2005

Tanzania

Rural and urban

Mothers, fathers, health workers

12 focus groups

-

Onwujekwe

2005

Nigeria

Rural

Men, women, youths

9 focus groups

iba

Deressa

2007

Ethiopia

Rural

Mothers of children under 5

Men with at least one child

3 Focus groups

4 Focus groups

busa

Essé

2008

Côte d'Ivoire

Rural

School children aged 10-14

Health practitioners, health facility staff, local healers, religious leaders

6 Focus groups

15 Key informant interviews

Djèkouadjo, djékadjo, ewuego, anumą

Idowu

2008

Nigeria

Rural

Adults

Focus groups

Iba otutu

  1. †interview target groups -- pregnant women, women who had recently given birth, chiefs and village headmen, husbands of pregnant women, traditional birth attendants, health worker, traditional advisors, and traditional healers
  2. ††focus group target groups -- pregnant women, women who had recently given birth, and husbands of pregnant women