Table 1 Characteristics of the Slums Studied
From: Patterns of illness disclosure among Indian slum dwellers: a qualitative study
| Â | Kolkata | Bangalore | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
Name of the slum | Motijheel Slum (Core urban slum) | SahidSmriti Colony (Peri-urban slum) | Nakkle-Bande (Core urban slum) | UllaluUpanagar (Peri-urban slum) |
Number of households | 6000 | 2570 | 650 | 1500 |
Location | Highly congested slum | Sprawling slum surrounded by marshy land | Partly congested | Lots of space and barren land |
Age of the slum (in years) | 75 | 25 | 40 | 15 |
Origin of the population | Sub-urban Kolkata, Bihar, Jharkhand, Uttar Pradesh, Gujarat | Sub-urban Kolkata, Bangladesh, urban Kolkata | Sub-urban Karnataka, Tamil Nadu, AndhraPradesh | Displaced people from Bangalore city, rural Karnataka, Tamil Nadu, Andhra Pradesh |
Social groups | Scheduled Caste and General | Scheduled Caste, Scheduled Tribe and General | Scheduled Caste, Scheduled Tribe and General | Scheduled Caste and General |
Religion | Hindus (25%), Muslims (70%), Christians (5%) | Hindus (65%), Muslims (25%), Christians (10%) | Hindus (70%), Muslims (20%), Christians (10%) | Hindus (65%), Muslims (25%), Christians (10%) |
Streets and roads | Maze-like alleys, paved | Simple streets, non-web and paved;bystreets, unpaved | Zigzagging, paved and non-spacious streets | Quite spacious, partly unpaved and partly paved |
Type of houses | Puccaa and semi-puccahouses | Kuccha,b semi-puccacand pucca houses | Pucca houses with three storeys | Kuccha, semi-pucca and pucca houses |
Water supply | Thirtyto forty households with common pipedwater connection supplied by municipality | Hand pumps, ponds, few private tap connections and some public water taps | Private piped connectionsas well as public water connections for five families per street | Public water collection taps and few private piped connections; unplanned setup of all the water pipes, mostly located within the drains and sometimes with leakage, allowing the waste water to enter the pipes |
Drainage | Both open and covered drainage | Unplanned and unsystematic open drainage within the slum | Underground drainage (in some places unplanned and unsystematic) | No proper drainage systems; waste water runs in both corners of the street |
Toilet facilities | Approx. 40 households forone common toilet | Individual toilets | Individual toilets and two government-supplied community pay-and-use toilets | Few individual toilets and a public toilet run by a private organisation |
Healthcare infrastructure | Two public hospitals, three private hospitals, two anganwadis, four medical clinics, six paramedical clinics, thirteen homeopathy clinics, two ayurveda clinics, one primary health centre, three midwives | One public and one private hospital, one anganwadi, two medical clinics, four paramedical clinics, seven homeopathy clinics, four ayurveda clinics, four midwives, thirteen traditional medicine men | Three general hospitals, two anganwadis, four nursing homes, seven maternity hospitals, two super-speciality hospitals, one cardiac and one orthopaedic hospital, twenty-sevenprivate clinics, one traditional medicine man, two ayurveda and four homeopathy clinics | One primary health centre, two anganwadis, nearest public hospital fifteen kilometres away, ten medical clinics, three midwives |