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Table 4 Baseline and endline mean scores and frequencies for social norms and attitudes associated with gender and violence against women, disaggregated by gender of respondent

From: Engaging with faith groups to prevent VAWG in conflict-affected communities: results from two community surveys in the DRC

  Male respondents Female respondents
Baseline
%/Mean 		Endline
%/Mean 		P value Baseline
%/Mean 		Endline
%/Mean 		P value
Social norms composite scales (mean)
 Gender attitudes scale 15.7 18.6 < 0.001 16.4 18 < 0.001
 Masculinities attitudes scale 14.7 14.9 0.159 15.4 15.2 0.853
 Rape myths scale 16 16.7 0.001 16.8 16.9 0.746
 Stigma scale 9.9 10.6 < 0.001 10.2 10.6 0.002
Agreement with statements associated with justification for physical IPV (%)
 There are times when a woman deserves to be beaten 51.1 28.2 <  0.001 41.6 23.7 <  0.001
 A husband is justified in beating his wife in the following situations:
  If she goes out without telling him 31.7 24.1 0.010 26.7 30.1 0.259
  If she neglects the children 31.7 20.8 <  0.001 26.2 27 0.785
  If she argues with him 35.8 26.2 0.002 34.1 32.3 0.574
  If she refuses to have sex with him 41.8 23.4 <  0.001 34.9 31.9 0.334
  If she burns the food 14 11.9 0.344 15.5 15.8 0.903
  If he is not satisfied with the way she does the housework 24.6 15.6 0.001 19.6 21.1 0.593
  If she disobeys him 56.1 31.1 <  0.001 52.4 38 <  0.001
  If he finds out that she has been unfaithful 64 47.2 <  0.001 64.5 61.2 0.302
Agreement with statements associated with justification for sexual IPV
 A man is entitled to sex from his partner even if she doesn’t feel like it 76 39.9 <  0.001 67.6 45 <  0.001
 A woman is able to refuse sex in the following situations:
  If she doesn’t want to 34.5 65.5 <  0.001 40.4 59.8 <  0.001
  If he is drunk 34 64.3 <  0.001 39.6 63.6 <  0.001
  If she is sick 59.8 78.1 <  0.001 59.1 74.6 <  0.001
  If he mistreats her 42.7 68.5 <  0.001 45.3 68.5 <  0.001
Agreement with statements associated with response to IPV (%)
 A woman should tolerate violence to keep her family together 62.7 36.2 <  0.001 47.4 35.8 <  0.001
 A man using violence against his wife is a private matter that shouldn’t be discussed outside the couple 53.9 32.1 <  0.001 51.4 32 <  0.001
 If a man mistreats his wife, others outside of the family should intervene 90.6 86.9 0.075 91.2 80.2 <  0.001
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