Table 4 Distribution of dichotomized outcomes (A), crude odds ratios (B), and adjusted odds ratios (C)
From: Assistive technology use and human rights enjoyment: a cross-sectional study in Bangladesh
Outcome: | High standard of living | Often necessary medical care | Good physical health | Good mental health | Can read a letter | Completed primary education | High participation in school | Work (incl. housewife) | High participation in work | Good listening performance | High participation in using public transportation | Good ambulatory performance |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
A. Distribution of dichotomized outcomes, % (n) | ||||||||||||
Users of hearing aids | 68.9 (93) | 70.4 (95) | 50.7 (69) | 44.9 (61) | 67.6 (92) | 58.1 (79) | 60.3 (35) | 47.1 (64) | 52.4 (22) | 75.0 (102) | 64.2 (86) | 94.8 (128) |
Non-users of hearing aids | 42.6 (63) | 43.9 (65) | 30.2 (45) | 23.5 (35) | 25.5 (38) | 22.8 (34) | 33.3 (8) | 69.8 (104) | 14.7 (5) | 20.3 (30) | 39.6 (59) | 72.1 (106) |
Users of wheelchairs | 48.3 (72) | 48.0 (71) | 63.1 (94) | 54.4 (81) | 47.0 (70) | 39.6 (59) | 55.2 (16) | 31.5 (47) | 42.4 (14) | 90.6 (135) | 31.7 (45) | 52.3 (78) |
Non-users of wheelchairs | 38.9 (58) | 35.8 (53) | 53.7 (80) | 45.6 (68) | 38.9 (58) | 36.2 (54) | 45.7 (16) | 40.9 (61) | 37.1 (13) | 86.6 (129) | 31.7 (46) | 26.8 (40) |
B. Crude Odds Ratios (95% CI) regarding use of assistive technology versus no use | ||||||||||||
Use of hearing aid | 3.00 (1.83-4.87) | 3.03 (1.86-4.96) | 2.38 (1.46-3.87) | 2.65 (1.60-4.40) | 6.11 (3.65-10.2) | 4.69 (2.81-7.82) | 3.04 (1.12-8.26) | 0.38 (0.24-0.62) | 6.38 (2.07-19.7) | 11.8 (6.75-20.6) | 2.73 (1.69-4.43) | 7.07 (3.05-16.4) |
Use of wheelchair | 1.47 (0.93-2.32) | 1.65 (1.04-2.63) | 1.47 (0.93-2.34) | 1.42 (0.90-2.24) | 1.39 (0.88-2.20) | 1.15 (0.72-1.84) | 1.46 (0.54-3.93) | 0.66 (0.41-1.07) | 1.25 (0.47-3.30) | 1.50 (0.72-3.08) | 1.00 (0.61-1.64) | 3.00 (1.84-4.86) |
C. Adjusted Odds Ratios (95% CI) regarding use of assistive technology versus no use | ||||||||||||
Use of hearing aid | 2.07 (1.17-3.65) | 1.82 (1.003-3.32) | 1.80 (1.07-3.02) | 2.04 (1.19-3.50) | 5.05 (2.90-8.78) | 3.84 (2.19-6.71) | 5.16 (1.57-17.0) | 0.56 (0.31-1.02) | 4.94 (1.31-18.6) | 13.6 (7.28-25.5) | 2.06 (1.23-3.44) | 6.06 (2.52-14.6) |
Use of wheelchair | 1.28 (0.76-2.16) | 1.33 (0.75-2.36) | 1.21 (0.74-1.99) | 1.23 (0.76-1.97) | 1.11 (0.67-1.84) | 0.88 (0.53-1.48) | 1.18 (0.38-3.60) | 0.59 (0.36-0.98) | 0.65 (0.20-2.13) | - | 0.85 (0.50-1.42) | 3.04 (1.84-5.01) |