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Table 2 Income generation activities and financial support among widows interviewed

From: Debt, shame, and survival: becoming and living as widows in rural Kerala, India

Pseudonym

Income generationactivities

Government support

Community and family support

Geeta

Self employed

-

10, 000 Rs. from Family welfare society, 750 Rs. from church,loan from SHG for buying milch cow

Elsamma

-

-

200 Rs. per year from children

Amina

Agriculture worker incoffee estate

-

-

Jamila

-

Husband’s retirement pension

Loan from kudumbrasree to buy chickens

Lata

Kuli worker

*

Loan from kudumbrasree to buy 10 chickens

Priya

-

-

Supported by son

Usha

Anganvadi assistant

Loan from housing board for house

Supported by daughters

Sumathi

Domestic worker

Widow pension

Supported by middle daughter

Leela

Kuli worker

Widow pension

-

Shantha

-

Widow pension

Supported by eldest daughter/son-in-law

  1. Source: Qualitative survey.
  2. * Has applied for widow pension, but it has yet to be sanctioned.