Fig. 1

Schematic of the key concepts from the United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child (CRC) as applied to paediatric TB with the child and family at the center. Adjacent to each concept are themes of relevance to paediatric TB linked to action points for the benefits of children affected by TB. The CRC, as a widely ratified binding legal instrument, opens up avenues to ensure that States parties protect the rights of children affected by TB. States must ensure the justiciability of the right to health and access by children and their families to remedies in case of violation through to civil, criminal or administrative proceedings. Other independent, transparent, and accessible accountability mechanisms such as democratically elected local health councils, patients’ committees, health commissioners, and national human-rights institutions are also key to protection and realization of the rights of children affected by TB